Microsatellite instability (Cluster1), programmed cell death protein ligand1 (Cluster2) have emerged in recent years and have larger nodes and warmer colors, indicating that the problems under these clusters were hot spots of research in recent years, which was consistent with the above highly co-cited literature focusing on PD-1/PD-L1 and mismatch repair.In addition, in recent years, cytokine-induced killer cells (Cluster3) and t cell exhaustion (Cluster9) may be new research hotspots in CRC immunotherapy. Here, CD274 is linked to colorectal carcinoma.