demonstrated that, in serum transfer-induced arthritis (STIA) or CIA model, mature NK cells (CD127– NKp46+ CD49b+) were recruited to inflamed joints and were activated by IL-1 family member IL-18 to produce GM-CSF and promoted autoantibody-induced inflammatory arthritis through GM-CSF (15). The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is arthritic joint disease.