Women with PPROM had substantially higher levels of CRP in maternal serum, IL-6 and IL-8 in the vaginal fluid, IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα in cord blood samples, and C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand (CCL)-2 gene, CCL-3 gene, CRP, intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM)-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, MMP-8, and TNFα in the AF (Supplementary Table 7). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is atrial fibrillation.