AIRE and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1: Autoimmune-Polyendocrinopathy-Candidiasis-Ectodermal-Dystrophy (APECED), also known as Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome type 1 (APS-1), is a rare and severe multiorgan autoimmune disease caused by mutations in Autoimmune Regulator (AIRE) (1, 2).