EDN1 and fetal growth restriction: For example, when F0 pregnant rats were fed a 50% deficit food intake diet throughout pregnancy, in PVECs extracted from the F1 and F2 IUGR rats, there was a significant enrichment of H3K4me3 regions in F1 IUGR males, and a significant reduction in DNA methylation at ET-1 CpG sites in both F1 and F2 IUGR males, compared to the control (56).