The aim of the present study was to explore the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects of miR-130a-3p by examining the activity of the NF-κB and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathways, which would provide a new therapeutic approach to prevent and perhaps even partially reverse the occurrence and progression of PF. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is pemphigus foliaceus.