extracts can regulate the AMPK/PI3K/AKT/p38-NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad/Bcl2/caspase/LC3 signaling pathways to produce cascade reaction and activate macrophages, thus alleviating allergic asthma and lung infection induced by OVA (Tirpude et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and allergic asthma.