GFAP and serum lipopolysaccharide activity: Importantly, the microglia in GFAP-IL6 mice had a similar morphology to microglia in the brains of patients with NMOSD [24] and animals with pathologies associated with elevated IL-6, such as acute LPS-induced endotoxemia [102, 103], stroke [104] and ischemic stroke and reperfusion [105].