After visit 1 (V1), the 19 patients in the IBD group received the following anti-TNF-α agents: infliximab (n = 11; 7 with CD and 4 with UC), adalimumab (n = 5; 3 with CD and 2 with UC), and golimumab (n = 3 with UC). Here, TNF is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.