NFKB1 and injury: Similarly, previous studies revealed that administrations of NBP in rat models with cerebral ischemia reperfusion-induced brain injury [31] and with spinal cord injury [32] inhibited the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, via reducing expression of TLR4 and NF-κB (including p-NF-κB, p-IκB-α, and p-IKK-α).