EEF2 and diphtheria: Likewise, bacterial AB toxins, such as Shiga, pertussis toxins, and diphtheria toxins, mediate cell death either by ADP-ribosylation of 28S rRNA, or αi subunits of the heterotrimeric G protein or by inactivation of elongation factor 2 (Brown et al., 1980; Cemal, 1999; Coutte and Locht, 2015; Cherubin et al., 2018).