CCL2 and obesity disorder: While the literature is controversial about the importance of MCP1 in obesity-induced inflammation (47, 48), using the chemokine and PA treatment, we identified that male monocytes specifically have a more robust trafficking response in vitro. Sex differences in migration could be attributed to monocytes being heterogenous in nature with respect to the various chemokine and cytokine receptors where some are involved in tissue damage, while others promote tissue repair (49–51).