Among these, only Hmgcs2, known to be the rate-limiting enzyme of ketogenesis [9], was significantly increased following 24-hour fasting in healthy mice (2.1-fold, P < 0.0001) and to a comparatively lesser extent (P = 0.006) in mice with NAFLD (1.6-fold, P = 0.007) (Figure 1D). The gene discussed is HMGCS2; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.