HLA-DRB1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Moreover, DRB1*03:02 was rare in the Emirati study population (Al-Yafei et al., 2019; Arnaiz-Villena et al., 2019) and European derived populations; and frequent in DQB1*04:02-containing haplotypes in Africans, protecting against T1D (Howson et al., 2013).