Another alkaloid, ephedrine, derived from plants of the Ephedra genus, was demonstrated to attenuate cerebral ischemia injury in the middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model and BV2 microglial cells via Akt/GSK3β/Nrf2 pathway regulation and NLRP3 suppression (150). This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and Cerebral ischemia.