After treatment with Compound C (5 μM), an inhibitor of AMPK, phosphorylation of p65 and ULK1 (Ser 757) was upregulated and the protein level of pro-IL-1β was increased compared with that in the CAN group (Figures 5C–F). This evidence concerns the gene ULK1 and Crouzon syndrome-acanthosis nigricans syndrome.