SARM1 and Cognitive impairment: Lin H. et al. (2021) found through animal experiments that SARM1 was a pathogenic factor for neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in anesthetically induced elderly mice. They also demonstrated that cognitive impairment in isoflurane anesthetically induced mice could be prevented by the absence of SARM1, making SARM1 an effective therapeutic target for the treatment or prevention of POCD (Lin H. et al., 2021).