TNF and acute kidney injury: In our study, we found that circ-Snrk knockdown could reverse the cell apoptosis, pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6 and TNF-α) secretion, and the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway in the H/R-treated renal tubular epithelial cells NRK-52E, which indicated that circ-Snrk may be a novel target to treat AKI.