NR1H4 and cholestasis: Conversely, in rats with bile duct ligation and ANIT-induced cholestasis, FXR agonism decreased expression of bile acid synthesis genes and increased expression of genes related to canalicular bile acid transport such as Bsep, Mrp2, and Mdr2, which was associated with improved serum liver enzymes, markers of inflammation, liver damage, and decreased bile duct proliferation [93].