The importance of NaPi-IIa/SLC34A1 and NaPi-IIc/SLC34A3 for phosphate homeostasis is impressively underlined by the clinical problems seen in patients with inactivating mutations in these transporters leading to hypophosphatemia, hyperphosphaturia, hypercalcemia and –calciuria with kidney stones and nephrocalcinosis and in the case of NaPi-IIc also severe bone defects1,17,18,22,27. This evidence concerns the gene SLC34A3 and nephrolithiasis.