Two recent studies demonstrated that RIG-I activated by short 5′-triphosphate-modified RNA (ppp-RNA) reduced tumor burden in melanoma and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) model, which was dependent on CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and the intact MAVS/IFN signaling in the host [97, 98]. Here, IFNA1 is linked to neoplasm.