NFKB1 and neoplasm: While in women whose sera did not induce changes in viability and Akt phosphorylation after treatment with Metformin, we observed a reduction in IKBα degradation and an increase in p65 phosphorylation, independently of phosphorylation of p38, which could indicate that treatment with Metformin in patients with HOMA<3 has an anti-apoptotic effect, although we do not rule out that the observed NF-κB activation could have an anti-tumor effect as has been reported in multiple studies [85–88].