MAPK3 and neoplasm: It has been reported that GSDME-mediated pyroptosis leads to activation of the ERK1/2 pathway through the release of high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1), promotes tumor cell proliferation and the expression of proliferating nuclear antigen (PCNA), and subsequently induces the development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) [32].