Kaplan-Meier survival curves on these leading-edge subsets disclosed a total of thirteen acid-adaptation up-regulated genes (F3, COL12A, RARG, LMO7, VANGL1, ITGB1, MYC, NOTCH2, SERPINE1, EREG, DPYD, PLOD2, & CALU) and six down-regulated genes (STRADA, TSC2, SIK3, CADM1, RPTOR, & MLST8) whose expression levels are respectively negatively and positively correlated with the overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients in the TCGA-PAAD cohort (Fig. 5i). This evidence concerns the gene CALU and familial pancreatic carcinoma.