S1P was shown to be a chemoattractant for primary human monocytes and macrophages in vitro and that employing the S1P receptor functional antagonist fingolimod reduced not only lymphocyte but also macrophage infiltration in acute anti-thy1 mesangio-proliferative glomerulonephritis [52,53]. This evidence concerns the gene THY1 and proliferative glomerulonephritis.