Other studies have also reported such a link between CHIP (with characteristics consistent with M-CHIP) and the increased risk of coronary artery disease, chronic heart failure, degenerative aortic valve stenosis, atrial fibrillation or stroke, and of autoimmune diseases and potentially osteoarthritis, and/or have aimed to better define the mechanisms of action, to improve patient management and to identify therapeutic targets that are still in their infancy as reviewed [243,251,263,264,265,266,267,268,269,270,271,272]. Here, STUB1 is linked to autoimmune disease.