Obviously, a number of factors lend credence to the notion of a pathogenic link between environmental mycobacteria and Sjogren’s syndrome (SS), including the presence of antibodies to mycobacterial Hsp65 in SS, the homology of Hsp65 with SS autoantigens, and the beneficial effects seen with BCG vaccination against certain autoimmune diseases. Here, HSPD1 is linked to autoimmune disease.