In HNSCC, evidences suggest that estrogens and progesterones are protective and exert a favorable role in females [133], that AR is associated with poor prognosis [134,135] and that there is a crosstalk between ERα and EGFR receptors that, when expressed together, are associated with bad prognosis and chemoresistance [136,137]. This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.