INS and diabetes mellitus: The gut microbes in response to SVE intervention were mainly enriched in the metabolic pathways, including glycerolipid metabolism, TCA cycle, steroid degradation, insulin signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, fatty acid degradation, mTOR signaling pathway, etc. Additional work is required to investigate the in-depth mechanism of SVE administration on diabetes through fecal microbiota transplant and multi-omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) technology.