Compared to normal tissues, the overexpression of the m5C methyltransferase NSUN2 and the m5C binding protein YB-1 in bladder cancer promotes the stability of hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) mRNA in an m5C-dependent manner and ultimately promotes the proliferation and metastasis of bladder cancer [32]. Here, HDGF is linked to urinary bladder carcinoma.