Linagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitor used for the treatment of adult type 2 diabetes, was reported to attenuate 4 week cuprizone-induced demyelination by modulating AMP-activated protein kinase/Sirtuin 1 (AMPK/SIRT1) and Janus kinase 2/Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription 3/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (JAK2/STAT3/NF-κB) signaling pathways [35]. This evidence concerns the gene SIRT1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.