CXCL12 and serous adenocarcinoma: VEGF and CXCL12 cooperate to induce potent neovascularization, as VEGF up-regulates CXCR4 on vascular endothelial cells and synergize CXCL12-mediated vascular endothelial cells migration [19] through matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) [20], while CXCR4 is overexpressed in high-grade serous carcinomas [12] and correlates with stage and metastasis development [10,21].