OGG1 and laryngeal carcinoma: OGG1. A notable mutation associated with an increased risk of laryngeal cancer involves the key enzyme OGG1 (the human 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1), which performs excision repair versus 7, 8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), a mutagenic derivative resulting from the exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS).