TIA1 and neoplasm: More so, a tumor-suppressive function of TIA1 was observed in vivo for tumor initiation, but not tumor progression or malignancy in LPTENKO mice (Figure 4), while a tumor-promoting role for TIA1 (e.g., on cell proliferation and migration/invasion) was deduced from our in vitro approaches using already transformed hepatic cancer cells (HepG2 and Hepa1-6, Figure 1C and Supplementary Figure S1I).