Preliminary longitudinal studies in cancer cohorts support the hypothesis that inflammatory processes involving single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in inflammation-related genes (e.g., interleukin-1 beta (IL1ß), in [43] terleukin-6 (IL6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)) are associated with increased risk of CRF [44,45,46,47], although the precise mechanisms remain unclear. Here, TNF is linked to cancer.