The inhibition of endogenous NF-κB activity in patient-derived GBM stem cells (GSCs) culture, using the selective IKKβ antagonist, or siRNA-mediated knockdown of IKKβ and/or RelA, has been shown to significantly decrease tumor sphere formation, suggesting that NF-κB is involved in the self-renewal capacity of GSCs [18]. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and glioblastoma.