GFAP and type 1 diabetes mellitus: We found that compared with control mice, the Iba-1+ microglia number in the SDH of T1DM mice was significantly higher (Figure 2(g); T1DM vs. control, 78.13 ± 16.77 vs. 28.99 ± 10.41/mm2, P = 0.0025; n = 4), whereas the difference in the GFAP+ immunoreactivity area was not significant (Figure 2(h), P = 0.6457; n = 4).