In this review, we introduce the key role of RONS and other biomarkers in the early progress of AKI, and then systematically summarize the application of emerging detection technologies in RONS (Figure 1A), NGAL (Figure 1B), GGT (Figure 1C), KIM-1 (Figure 1D) and miRNA (Figure 1E) for early detection of AKI. Here, LCN2 is linked to acute kidney injury.