ACE2 and viral infectious disease: We also observed that ACE2 was substantially internalized on 10% PAM treatment (p = 1.55E-3 for increased cytoplasmic ACE2, p = 2.17E-3 for decreased membrane ACE2) and that virus infection created a similar effect on translocating ACE2 from cell membrane to cytoplasm (taking 1/104 as an example, p = 3.7E-3 for control, p = 8.7E-4 for 10% PAM) as what was seen with 10% PAM treatment (Figure 2C, Figure S2A-B).