Considering that proteasome 26S non-ATPase subunits, such as PSMD 3 and PSMD 7, are positively correlated with the progression of various cancers via NF-κB activation or immune cell infiltration (47–49), proteasomes may be related to xenogeneic rejection via close interactions with NF-κB1. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and cancer.