IL34 and dentin dysplasia: In addition, a study established that SYP, tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), and interleukin 34 (IL-34) in DD patients’ neuron derived exosomes (NDE) were all positively correlated with the exosomes surface marker cluster of differentiation 81 (CD81) (Kuwano et al., 2018).