Although several Wolfram syndrome mouse models have been developed, we used the Wfs1 whole-body knockout 129S6 mice (Wfs1-KO mice) in this study (18, 25), which recapitulate human Wolfram syndrome phenotypes and progressively develop glucose intolerance between 4.5 and 6.5 weeks old that persists through at least 10 months of age (18) (Figures S2A, B). This evidence concerns the gene WFS1 and Wolfram syndrome.