AQP1 and Familial prostate cancer: Tie et al. [29] found that in prostate cancer cells, hypoxia induced AQP1 protein upregulation in a p38-dependent manner and that AQP1 was induced by hypoxia at the transcriptional level and that AQP1 regulation in PC-3M was dependent on calcium, PKC, and p38MAPK as well as oxygen tension.