CD4 and pneumocystosis: Similarly, opportunistic infections (OIs) including cytomegalovirus (CMV), pneumocystis pneumonia (PJP) and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) have been associated with VTE.13 Furthermore, antiretroviral drugs such as protease inhibitors (PIs) promote thrombosis via an effect on the metabolism of thrombotic proteins in the liver.13 A systemic literature review of 13 studies between 1991 and 2007 reported an annual incidence of VTE between 0.19% and 7.73% in PLHIV per year.13 Low CD4 cell counts and malignancy are reported as other important risk factors for VTE.11