Using human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) in culture and the rat model of diabetic retinopathy, we have investigated the effect of hyperglycemia on Drp1-Fis1 interactions and mitochondrial transport of Drp1, and the results are confirmed in retinal microvessels from human donors with diabetic retinopathy. This evidence concerns the gene DNM1L and diabetic retinopathy.