AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: Specifically, HCC was distinguished from all non-cancer (AUROC = 0.87) and from other primary malignancies (AUROC = 0.95) and early HCC detection could be achieved amongst at-risk cirrhosis patients of viral hepatitis, ALD or NASH aetiology (AUROC = 0.93), outperforming serum AFP (AUROC = 0.69).