Increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-31, IL-33, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) have been reported to be related to clinical malaria or severe malaria7–9. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is malaria.