TBK1 and cancer: In the cytoplasm of cancer cells, TBK1 drives tumor development and progression by stimulating cell survival and proliferation pathways, including AKT-mTOR1 [165, 229, 230], NF-κB [41, 160, 161, 183], p62/autophagy [3], MYC [231], and JAK/STAT [72, 100].