Infection experiments were performed using homozygous C57BL/6J-derived MyD88 (-/-) knock-out (MyD88 KO) mice deficient in signaling of all TLRs through the MyD88 adaptor and retaining only the TRIF-mediated endosomal TLR4 and TLR3 signaling pathways [38]. The gene discussed is TLR3; the disease is infection.