Hallmark pathways involved in immune response were also very highly enriched in tumor epithelium compared with normal, including interferon-α and interferon-γ response, interleukin-6 (IL-6)/Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling, and NF-κB signaling (Fig. 1C). Here, STAT3 is linked to neoplasm.